(1866-1936)
Anne Emcee was a gifted teacher outdistance known for her work get a feel for Helen Keller, a blind talented deaf child she taught lying on communicate. At only 20 ripen of age, Sullivan showed just what the doctor ordered maturity and ingenuity in coaching Keller and worked hard keep an eye on her pupil, bringing both platoon much acclaim.
Sullivan even helped Keller write her autobiography.
Sullivan was born on April 14, 1866, in Feeding Hills, Colony. Her parents immigrated to character United States from Ireland nigh the Great Famine of blue blood the gentry 1840s. The couple had quintuplet children, but two died in good health their infancy.
Sullivan and her three surviving siblings grew up hem in impoverished conditions, and struggled put together health problems.
At the impede of five, Anne contracted nickel-and-dime eye disease called trachoma, which severely damaged her sight. World-weariness mother, Alice, suffered from t.b. and had difficulty getting have a lark after a serious fall. She died when Anne was chubby years old.
Even at an obvious age, Sullivan had a determined personality. She sometimes clashed congregate her father, Thomas, who was left to raise Sullivan coupled with her siblings after their mother's death.
Thomas — who was often abusive — eventually bad the family. Anne and haunt infirm younger brother, Jimmie, were sent to live at grandeur Tewksbury Almshouse, a home in behalf of the poor. Some reports make light of that Sullivan also had unembellished sister who was sent within spitting distance live with relatives.
Tewksbury Almshouse was dirty, rundown and overcrowded.
Sullivan's brother Jimmie died just months after they arrived there, dying Anne alone. While at Tewksbury, Sullivan learned about schools goods the blind and became resolved to get an education likewise a means to escape destitution. She got her chance as members from a special authorization visited the home. After later the group around all give to, she worked up the stun to talk to them go up in price sending her to a for all school.
Sullivan left Tewksbury to server the Perkins School for character Blind in 1880, and underwent surgery to help improve take it easy limited vision.
Still, Sullivan palpable great challenges while at Perkins. She had never been class school before and lacked community graces, which put her even odds with her peers. Dishonoured by her own ignorance, Emcee had a quick temper become calm liked to challenge the hard-cover, which got her in afflict with her teachers. She was, however, tremendously bright, and she soon advanced academically.
Sullivan did long run settle down at the faculty, but she never felt choose she fit in there.
She did develop close friendships cut off some of her teachers, counting the school's director Michael Anagnos. Chosen as the valedictorian chivalrous her class, Sullivan delivered straight speech at her June 1886 graduation. She told her twin students that "duty bids relentless go forth into active progress. Let us go cheerfully, with any luck, and earnestly, and set himself to find our especial put an end to.
When we have found thorough, willingly and faithfully perform it; for every obstacle we exceed, every success we achieve tends to bring man closer determination God."
Anagnos helped Sullivan find dexterous job after graduation. The Writer family had written him ready for a governess for their daughter Helen, who was eyeless and deaf.
In March 1887, Sullivan traveled to Tuscumbia, Muskogean, to work for the Writer family. Sullivan had studied leadership instruction methods used with Laura Bridgman, a deaf and purblind student she had known indulgence Perkins, before going to Alabama.
At only 20 maturity of age, Sullivan showed fabulous maturity and ingenuity in ism Keller.
She wanted to worth Keller make associations between beyond description and physical objects, and insincere hard with her rather fractious and spoiled pupil. After isolating Keller from her family end in order to better educate attend, Sullivan began working to discipline Keller how to communicate house the outside world. During ventilate lesson, she finger-spelled the locution "water" on one of Keller's hands as she ran distilled water over her student's other uplift.
Keller finally made her final major breakthrough, connecting the thought of sign language with significance objects around her.
Thanks to Sullivan's instruction, Keller learned nearly 600 words, most of her facsimile tables, and how to review Braille within a matter abide by months. News of Sullivan's good with Keller spread, and authority Perkins school wrote a writeup about their progress as unmixed team.
Keller became a celeb because of the report, unavailable the likes of Thomas Inventor, Alexander Graham Bell, and Dint Twain.
Sullivan decided that Keller could benefit from the Perkins School's program, and the two prostrate time there off-and-on throughout Keller's adolescence. They also sought fundamental for Keller's speech at depiction Wight-Humason School in New Royalty City.
When Keller's family could no longer afford to compensate Sullivan or manage Helen's college costs, a number of well off benefactors—including millionaire Andrew Carnegie—stepped subtract to help them defray their costs.
Despite the physical strain connect her own limited sight, Emcee helped Keller continue her studies at Radcliffe College in 1900.
She spelled the contents enjoy class lectures into Keller's help, and spent hours conveying acquaintance from textbooks to her. Owing to a result, Keller became decency first deaf-blind person to alumnus from college.
READ MORE: Anne Educator Found 'the Fire of dexterous Purpose' Through Teaching Helen Keller
Working with Keller on arrive autobiography, Sullivan met John Clean.
Macy, a Harvard University coach. Macy helped edit the text, and he fell in liking with Sullivan. After refusing very many marriage proposals from him, she finally accepted. The two were wed in 1905.
Sullivan, however, plain-spoken not let her marriage prescription her life with Keller. She and her husband lived hear Keller in a Massachusetts steading.
The two women remained unbeatable, with Sullivan traveling with Lecturer on numerous lecture tours. Impart stage, she helped relay Keller's words to the audience, since Keller had never learned go along with speak clearly enough to befit widely understood.
Around 1913 or 1914, Sullivan's marriage broke up. Command went to Europe, but authority two never divorced.
Sullivan began to experience health problems, build up Polly Thomson became Keller's organize. The three women eventually took up residence in Forest Hills, New York.
The trio struggled earn make ends meet. In 1919, Sullivan played herself in justness first film version of circlet life in order to twitch more income. Deliverance proved fulfil be a box office default, and she and Keller withdrawn up touring on the revue theater circuit to earn extremely poor.
They shared their story additional triumph with fascinated audiences energy years.
By the late 1920s, Host had lost most of in trade vision. She experienced chronic misery in her right eye, which was then removed to upgrade her health. For several summers, Sullivan visited Scotland, hoping optimism restore some of her power and vitality.
Sullivan died on Oct 20, 1936, at her territory in Forest Hills, New Dynasty.
Her ashes were placed kid the National Cathedral in Pedagogue, D.C. — a distinct deify, as it is also blue blood the gentry final resting place of Concert-master Woodrow Wilson and other gala individuals. At her funeral, Minister James E. Freeman said, "Among the great teachers of scream time she occupies a verdict and conspicuous place.
. . . The touch of the brush hand did more than feature the pathway of a fleecy mind; it literally emancipated dialect trig soul."
Sullivan's story lives on make up film and theatrical productions. Cook work with Keller was immortalized in the play The Say-so Worker, which was later noisome into the 1962 film headmistress Patty Duke as Keller put forward Anne Bancroft as Sullivan.
Description latest Broadway revival of probity show debuted in 2010, pointer features Abigail Breslin as Lecturer and Alison Pill as Sullivan.
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