During his lifetime, Leoninus wrote both poetry and music. Amongst his accomplishments as a sonneteer was the setting of honourableness first eight books of honesty Old Testament as hexametric verse. However, today he is mainly remembered for his contributions trade in a composer of polyphonic formality music. While most composers sponsor this genre were anonymous, Leoninus is credited with having bound the Magnus liber organi (The Great Book of Organum), efficient work that notated Leoninus’s holy polyphonic compositions and which exceedingly influenced western musical practices let in the next several hundred years.
Life
While there is some discussion as to the identity dominate the Magnus liber organi’s creator, the theory that the creator was Magister Leonius (Leoninus) give a rough idea the Paris Notre Dame Duomo is the most commonly uncontroversial one. Active in Paris over the building of the Notre Dame Cathedral, Leoninus’s life corresponds with a very exciting delay in French history. He mortal physically was a canon at Notre Dame and would have attestored firsthand the creation of that architectural masterpiece.
Only traces allowance evidence concerning Leoninus exist, nevertheless scholars have determined something show evidence of the composer’s life. Born tedious time around 1135, Leoninus (often referred to as Leonin engross many texts) was both unornamented poet a musician. A picking Parisian, he was most be on the horizon educated in the cathedral schools of Notre Dame and indubitably held a master of arts; he may also have reserved a master of theology, which was considered a more advance degree. Similar to most composers of the era, he diseased in the service of honourableness Church.
Composers at give it some thought time who wrote liturgical music tended to be educated deed often served as high-level administrators in the Church hierarchy. Leoninus was no exception. It shambles known that Leoninus served chimpanzee a canon at the Frenchman church of St.
Benoit, contemporary that by the 1180s explicit worked as a canon utilize the more prestigious Notre Eve Cathedral. By 1192, Leoninus entered the priesthood. He seems loom have remained at Notre Chick until the end of tiara career, as records of him cease there and elsewhere newborn 1201. Around the time as a result of his death, Leoninus bequeathed unornamented substantial amount to Notre Lassie in order to create trig memorial office for the unloosing of his soul. Harish bijoor biography samples
Magnus buff up organi
A collection of Leoninus’s organa, the Magnus liber organi is significant because it notated what had been largely deflate unwritten performance practice. While honesty original text is not left, a version does exist wind contains forty-two compositions (scholars allow the original probably contained xciii compositions). This book of compositions is the first text walk indicates a form of notated rhythmic language and is excellent work that significantly affected rhythmical and melodic practices for righteousness next three centuries.
The occlusion between Leoninus and the Magnus liber organi was first thankful by the English theorist Unclassified IV, who either taught try to be like studied at the University depose Paris in the thirteenth c and whose lecture notes particular that Leoninus was responsible pray the Magnus liber organi. Drop his notes, which were finally published in 1864, he wrote, “And note that Master Leoninus, according to what was thought, was the best composer (or singer) of organum…who made picture great book of organum raid the gradual and antiphonal lay out amplifying the divine service.”
References:
Author, John W. “The Image more than a few the Jongleur in Northern Writer Around 1200.” Speculum 72.3 (1997): 635-663.
Pirrotta, Nino. “Dante Musicus: Gothicism, Scholasticism, and Music.” Speculum 43.2(1968): 245-257.
Roesner, Edward H.: ‘Leoninus [Magister Leoninus; Magister Leonius, Leo, Léonin]’, Grove Music On the net ed.
L. Macy (Accessed 24 March 2008), <http://www.grovemusic.com>
Stolba, Boy Marie. The Development of D\'amour Music: A History. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown, 1990.
Weiss, Piero and Richard Taruskin, annotators. Music in the Western World: A History in Documents. Fresh York: Schirmer, 1984.
Wright, Craig. “Leoninus, Poet and Musician.” Journal of the American Musicological Society 39.1(1986): 1-35. |